--- Here is a cannabis oil success story from September 2013...
Stan and Barb Rutner are no strangers to cancer. The married couple, both in their 70s, have run into it before. Barb battled bouts with breast cancer — twice. And about 20 years ago, Stan, a retired dentist with a thriving mini storage business, was diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma. "I just thought I had a cold, flu, type thing. That was it . . . I wasn't thinking cancer at all," Stan recalls.
Fortunately, after treating the lymphoma for about six months, it — like Barb's successful battles with breast cancer — became a thing of the past. By 1989, it was a closed chapter. But in 2011, it came back.
Like before, it struck Stan in the lungs first. Manifesting as a persistent cough, a doctor later revealed cancerous nodes in the lungs that were the real culprits. "Yeah, [my doctor] was really diplomatic. He says, ‘You're in deep shit.' Or words to that effect," Stan recalls. "Yeah, he didn't sugar coat it at all," Barb adds. As if that wasn't enough, doctors later discovered that the cancer had metastasized to his brain.
Like before, the Rutners were able to successfully battle — and beat — Stan's cancer. But this time, after going through chemotherapy and radiation, they wanted to find a natural medicine that would improve Stan's quality of life and maybe even prolong it. Medical cannabis did all that and more, surpassing anything they could have hoped for. CULTURE spoke with Stan, Barb, their daughter Corinne and her husband John about this intense and life changing experience with cannabis.
Regarding the chemotherapy and radiation that Stan underwent in March and April of 2011 for the lung cancer, what were the downsides?
Barb: Nausea, fatigue, weight loss.
What tipped you off to the fact that Stan might have acquired brain cancer after you had already found the lung cancer?
Barb: His speech became labored and garbled. And when I called the doctor, she knew immediately what was going on . . . and then they did the scan.
While cancer is a very serious disease, both of your previous bouts with it provided you with some great perspective, correct?
Stan: While it was taken very seriously, there was also an element of "Here we go again."
Barb: Yeah, I'll interject something too. With both Stan and I, since we've been through cancer so much, cancer has become kind of a business with us. So, it's sort of sometimes like business as usual. You know?
Stan: We've got another chore to do, or another wheelbarrow full of dirt to carry up. You know it was just a job to do and that was all we concentrated on.
The cancer and treatment took their toll on Stan, can you tell us how?
Barb: Short term memory loss . . .
Stan: Yeah, yeah. My handwriting is getting better but it was awful at that time, I mean it was illegible, totally.
Stan's health and quality of life began to decline, even with treatment in full swing.
Barb: After that he was wiped out. He was very thin. So we finished radiation to his brain on June 25, and on July 13 he entered the hospital for the first time with radiation pneumonitis (inflammation of the lungs due to radiation therapy), so pneumonia. There were three hospital visits during that time, and on the third they kept him for a week and started him on oxygen 24/7. And then he went into palliative care.
Things got bad. At one point, Stan was given six months to live?
Barb: Yeah, yeah, I accepted it. He went on to hospice, I mean if you could've seen him at that time you would've understood. He entered hospice on August the 12th. [Generally] when you enter hospice they know you're diagnosed with less than six months to live. But, Stan was given only weeks to live at that time.
Throughout it all, the Rutners tried everything to beat Stan's cancer.
Barb: During the course of his radiation/chemotherapy treatment, [Stan] also had Reiki treatments and acupuncture. And he did attempt to do creative visualization but found that he wasn't very good at it (Laughs). I had used it extensively when I was having breast cancer and it worked very well for me, but it wasn't working for him. But he did quite a bit of alternative medicine.
With Stan wasting away coupled with the grimmest of life expectancies, Stan and Barb's daughter Corinne and her husband John started thinking outside of the box. Hearing that cannabis was an effective treatment for patients suffering from the crushing effects of chemotherapy and the wasting away and pain that is common with cancer, John and Corinne decided to give it a shot.
Barb: Corinne and John were becoming interested in medicinal marijuana but we were concerned that Stan was wasting away. He had lost so much weight and so we were anxious to get his appetite improved and help him with the nausea. So Corinne suggested daytime cannabis capsule infused with coconut oil; they're yellow capsules that he started taking. He started taking those in early November of 2011 and in the beginning, he took about a third of a capsule in the morning, and it was about a week or two later that he was able to give up the extra oxygen that he had had 24/7.
Was there ever a concern about using a plant that some view as non-traditional . . . or consider an outright illegal drug by the federal government?
Barb: [Addressing Stan] You weren't skeptical, were you?
Stan: No hesitation at all. Here I'm dying and getting nothing to change the course of things and so this thing has a pretty good track record in—what do you call it—in a non-medical world, so hey let's try it. Got nothing to lose.
About a week or two later, after trying the cannabis-based medicines, did anyone notice improvements?
Stan: Everything improved.
Barb: He started gaining weight.
Stan: Sleeping better.
Barb: Getting stronger.
Stan: Yeah!
Barb, you've told me before how stark and significant the changes were in Stan as a result of his use of medicinal cannabis.
Barb: At one point, he was using a walker and then gradually he was able to help with loading a pickup truck and getting things moved. Now he walks up stairs, he does exercise classes, he doesn't seem to get out of breath, and he takes naps most afternoons. But his strength is so much better than it was. It's remarkable.
Eventually, after several months, a brain scan came back negative. No cancer. Same for the lungs?
Barb: On January 27, 2013 we received the results of Stan's brain MRI in an email from his oncologist, stating simply: "IMPRESSION: No evidence of recurrent disease." The lung cancer that had metastasized to his brain in the summer of 2011 (and nearly taken his life) was GONE!
The doctor calls him a miracle man. We are deeply grateful to his "team" of doctors, friends and family, but we'll always believe that cannabis turned the tide.
{Corinne and her husband John on Stan's experience . . . }
Could you tell your father was getting worse?
Corinne: You know, I never saw it. He's very healthy. Both my parents are young. My mom is 76 now, my dad is 79, but this was two years ago. February, my dad was diagnosed, but he looked great. 100 percent great, you would have never known, so when he told me it was a shock. I was surprised when he had a little bout with a cough, but it didn't even seem to last very long. But he apparently took himself in and got a chest x-ray and they had said that they thought it was pneumonia, early stages, and when they cleared it up; they wanted to recheck him again because they saw some concerning spots.
Were you a medical cannabis patient at the time your father decided to turn to cannabis?
Corinne: I knew nothing about cannabis. I've always been one of the straight-laced people. So, if I didn't have John, I have to say we would have never asked that question. We started my dad on a coconut oil infused capsule. We had heard you can freeze and cut them, so you don't have to give the whole capsule. So you can actually cut those capsules and start out slow.
Looking back, are you convinced that cannabis works as an anti-cancer medicine?
Corinne: I'm 100 percent, no question. I believe that his brain tumor is gone because of the cannabis oil.
John: There is no doubt in my mind that cannabis pulled my father-in-law out of the wasting stages of cancer and enabled him to gain strength and in turn fight this horrible cell malfunction with success. While many would say that the chemo and radiation could have played apart, he would never have lived long enough to find out without cannabis oil.
(March 26, 2004) THE RHODE ISLAND General Assembly is now considering legislation to permit the medical use of marijuana by seriously ill patients whose physicians have recommended it.
This sensible, humane bill deserves swift passage. The evidence is overwhelming that marijuana can relieve certain types of pain, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms caused by such illnesses as multiple sclerosis, cancer and AIDS -- or by the harsh drugs sometimes used to treat them. And it can do so with remarkable safety. Indeed, marijuana is less toxic than many of the drugs that physicians prescribe every day.
But right now, Rhode Island law subjects seriously ill patients to the threat of arrest and jail for simply trying to relieve some of their misery. There is no good reason that sick people should face such treatment.
Still, foes of the medical-marijuana bill keep raising objections. So let's look at their arguments, one by one:
"There is no evidence that marijuana is a medicine."
The Truth: The medical literature on marijuana goes back 5,000 years. In a 1999 study commissioned by the White House, the Institute of Medicine reported, "nausea, appetite loss, pain and anxiety . . . all can be mitigated by marijuana." In its April 2003 issue, the British medical journal The Lancet reported that marijuana relieves pain in virtually every test that scientists use to measure pain relief.
"The medical community doesn't support this; just a bunch of drug legalizers do."
The Truth: Numerous medical and public-health organizations support legal access to medical marijuana. National groups include the American Academy of Family Physicians, the American Public Health Association and the American Nurses Association. Regional groups include the New York State Association of County Health Officials, the California Medical Association and the Rhode Island Medical Society.
I know of no medical group that believes that jailing sick and dying people is good for them.
"Marijuana is too dangerous to be medicine; it's bad for the immune system, endangering AIDS and cancer patients."
The Truth: Unlike many of the drugs we prescribe every day, marijuana has never been proven to cause a fatal overdose. Research on AIDS patients has debunked the claim of harm to the immune system: In a study at San Francisco General Hospital, AIDS patients using medical marijuana gained immune-system cells and kept their virus under control as well as patients who received a placebo. They also gained more needed weight.
"There are other drugs that work as well as marijuana, including Marinol, the pill containing THC (the main psychoactive chemical in marijuana)."
The Truth: These other drugs don't work for everyone. The Institute of Medicine noted: "It is well recognized that Marinol's oral route of administration hampers its effectiveness, because of slow absorption and patients' desire for more control over dosing." Inhalation gives a more rapid response and better results. For some very sick people, marijuana simply works better.
"Smoke is not medicine; no real medicine is smoked."
The Truth: Marijuana does not need to be smoked. Some patients prefer to eat it, while those who need the fast action and dose control provided by inhalation can avoid the hazards of smoke through simple devices called vaporizers. For many who need only a small amount -- such as cancer patients trying to get through a few months of chemotherapy -- the risks of smoking are minor.
"Medical-marijuana laws send the wrong message to kids, encouraging teen marijuana use."
The Truth: That fear, raised in 1996, when California passed the first effective medical-marijuana law, has not come true. According to the official California Student Survey, teen marijuana use in California rose steadily from 1990 to 1996, but began falling immediately after the medical-marijuana law was passed. Among ninth graders, marijuana use in the last six months fell by more than 40 percent from 1995-96 to 2001-02 (the most recent available figures).
It is simply wrong for the sick and suffering to be casualties in the war on drugs. Let's get rid of the myths and institute sound public-health policy. The Rhode Island General Assembly should pass the medical-marijuana bill immediately.
Author: Dr. Joycelyn Elders was U.S. surgeon general in 1993-94 and is Distinguished Professor of Public Health at the University of Arkansas School of Medicine. - March 26, 2004 - The Providence Journal (RI)
Oamenii au cultivat si utilizat mugurii infloriti de pe plantele femele de canabis, cunoscuta colocvial ca marijuana, din cele mai vechi timpuri inregistrate de catre istorie. Arheologii au chiar descoperit in Asia Centrala aproape un kilogram de cannabis intr-un mormant vechi de 2700 de ani ce apartinea unui saman (tamaduitor).
Dovezi scrise si pictograme se regasesc risipite in nenumarate culturi ce indica o extinsa acceptare si utilizare a acestei plante de-a lungul a mii si mii de ani.
CLASIFICAREA FALSA DREPT DROG BLOCHEAZA UTILIZAREA.
In Statele Unite (Tara celor Liberi) deceptia incepe cu legea Marijuana Tax Act impusa de catre Congres la nivel federativ in 1937, ce interzicea utilizarea canepei (cinepa=canabis=marihuana) in scop terapeutic si recreational. Mai tarziu, compusii organici ai plantei (canabinoizii) au fost clasificati in Clasa I a substantelor nocive interzise prin Controlled Substances Act din 1970.
Aceasta clasificare pune planta in aceeasi categorie cu heroina si afirma: canabisul detine "un inalt potential de abuz... nici o utilizare curenta acceptata medical... [si] o lipsa a sigurantei admise pentru utilizarea medicamentului... sub supraveghere medicala." (In mod evident, o clasificare voit eronata, tinand cont ca Presedintele Asociatiei Medicale Britanice Sir John Russell Reynolds afirma in 1890: "Canepa indiana, administrata cu atentie in stare pura este unul dintre cele mai valoroase medicamente pe care le detinem.")
In contrast, cocaina si metamfetamina - ilegale pentru uz recreational, pot fi utilizate sub supravegherea medicului si sunt clasificate drept droguri din Clasa II. Exemple de medicamente din clasa III si IV includ steroizii anabolici si Valium-ul. Analgezicele ce contin codeina sunt definite de lege drept medicamente de Clasa V, clasificarea cea mai indulgenta.
IN APARAREA UTILIZARII TERAPEUTICE.
Oamenii de lege din federatiile Statelor Unite continua sa utilizeze aceasta repartizare a drogurilor ca mijloc de a apara criminalizarea marihuanei. Cu toate acestea, nu pare a fi nici o baza stiintifica pentru aceasta clasificare a plantei. Cu trecerea a 75 de ani de prohibitie, cercetatorii continua sa studieze proprietatile terapeutice ale canepei (Cannabis Indica).
Exista peste 20000 de recenzii si studii in literatura stiintifica ce se refera la planta de cannabis si canabinoizii acesteia, din care aproape o treime au fost publicate in ultimii patru ani dupa 2010. O cautare a cuvintelor cheie pe PubMed Central (biblioteca Guvernului Statelor Unite ale Americii ce publica cercetarile stiintifice) dezvaluie 2100 de studii incepand cu anul 2011.
Cultura moderna recupereaza ceea ce predecesorii nostri cunosteau, iar opinia publica si legislatia statala deschid calea la mai multi oameni pentru a utiliza marihuana medicala in tratarea unui numar mai larg de conditii medicale. In prezent, in SUA, marijuana in scopuri medicale este legala in 20 de state si in Districtul Columbiei.
In timp ce dezbaterea continua sa fiarba la nivel statal si federal, a aparut o puternica sporita tendinta de acceptare in ceea ce priveste volumul crescand de dovezi stiintifice ce indica cum marijuana ar putea contine niste puternice proprietati medicinale ce ar fi de nesabuit sa fie ignorate.
Doctorul in Medicina, Joycelyn Elders, fost Chirurg Sef in Statele Unite, a scris urmatoarele intr-un articol datat 26 martie 2004, intitulat "Miturile despre Marihuana Medicala" si publicat in Providence Journal: "Dovezile sunt coplesitoare ca marijuana poate diminua anumite tipuri de durere, greata, varsaturi si alte simptome cauzate de astfel de boli precum scleroza multipla, cancer si SIDA -- sau de catre drogurile dure utilizate uneori pentru a le trata. Si poate face acest lucru cu remarcabila siguranta. Intr-adevar, marihuana este mai putin toxica decat multe dintre medicamentele pe care medicii le prescriu in fiecare zi."
MARTURIA - O POVESTE DE SUCCES.
In timp ce multi raman suspiciosi asupra beneficiilor terapeutice ale cannabisului, Stan si Barb Rutner sunt convinsi de eficienta acestuia. Acest cuplu a stat in fata cancerului de mai multe ori si a supravietuit pentru a invata din experienta lor.
Barb a avut doua episoade de cancer de san iar Stan a fost diagnosticat in urma cu 20 de ani cu limfom non-Hodgkin (LNH: este o forma de cancer care se dezvolta in tesutul limfatic - situat in diverse parti ale organismul: ganglionii limfatici, splina, timus, vegetatiile adenoide, amigdale si maduva osoasa) care, dupa tratament, a disparut. Cu toate acestea, in 2011, a revenit. Noduli cancerosi in plamanii acestuia au fost diagnosticati iar mai tarziu i s-a spus ca a ajuns cancerul la creier. Previziunea era intr-adevar sumbra.
In timp ce urma asprul tratament al chimioterapiei si al radiatiilor, Stan si familia sa a vrut sa gaseasca o solutie naturala care sa ajute la imbunatatirea calitatii vietii sale si chiar la prelungirea acesteia. Auzind cum canabisul a fost eficace in combaterea durerii si a altor efecte ale chimioterapiei la pacientii cu cancer, ei au fost foarte deschisi in a il incerca. Potrivit lui Stan si Barb, cannabisul medical a reprezentat biletul de aur.
Fiica familiei Rutner, Corrine si sotul ei au cercetat si s-a decis ca infuzia capsulelor de cannabis cu ulei de cocos ar fi o alegere buna. Dupa doua saptamani de ingerare a capsulelor, Stan a reusit sa renunte la masca cu oxigen pe care o folosea tot timpul. A inceput sa ia in greutate, sa doarma mai bine si sa devina mai puternic in general. Dupa mai multe luni, o rezonanta magnetica cerebrala a dezvaluit ca Stan era vindecat complet de cancer.
Familia Rutner este convinsa ca marihuana functioneaza ca un medicament anti-cancer. Dupa spusele lui John, ginerele cuplului: "Nu exista niciun dubiu in mintea mea ca marijuana (cannabisul) l-a scos pe socrul meu din stransoarea cancerului si l-a intarit pentru a lupta cu succes cu oribila disfunctionalitate a celulelor. Chiar daca unii ar spune ca radiatiile si chimioterapia ar putea sa fi avut un rol, el nu ar fi trait indeajuns as afle asta fara ajutorul uleiului de cannabis."
Let's say you have a Yahoo! Mail account and you changed your phone number or you are travelling in a foreign country and don't have access to that phone you registered years ago... but you have another phone number you could use to verify your account ... Let's see what happens Why this problem? Who has to gain? Is this another modern form of censure done by Yahoo Incorporated, limiting your personal access to your own private information? Who designed the crappy web pages that lead nowhere?
Yahoo Incorporated Mail. My account recovery information is incorrect. The Password Helper says my password can't be reset online. "First time signing in here?" message.
Problems signing in to your Yahoo account
We know you have more important things to do than dealing with a sign-in problem, so let's cut to the chase -- here are the most common account access problems you may face and what you can do about them. If none of these steps are helpful, you can still email our customer care team. Most common sign-in problems I forgot my password
The Password Helper tool is the king of password troubleshooters. Just enter your Yahoo ID and select your password recovery method to regain access in minutes.
If you've already tried it without success, please see the "Problems using the Password Helper" section below. I forgot my Yahoo ID
The Password Helper tool can do more than just help with passwords. Enter the mobile number or the alternate email address associated with your account and we'll send you a message to refresh your memory. I think someone else is using my account
If you think someone else learned (or changed) your password without your consent, use our Password Helper tool to reset your password immediately.
After you create a new password, review our steps to secure a hacked account to review your account's settings for changes. "Invalid ID or Password" message
This error message means you've entered a password and Yahoo ID combination that doesn't match what we have on record.
If you're sure that you're entering the correct sign-in information, consider the following:
“Caps Lock” or "Num Lock" keys - If your password contains numbers or letters (like most do), make sure these two keys on your keyboard are activated correctly so that your numbers are recognized and your letters aren't only entered in uppercase.
Your browser's auto-fill settings - If your browser usually enters your password for you automatically and you've changed your password recently, you'll need to enter your new password manually to override your browser settings.
If you're sure that you're entering the correct information, change your password immediately using the Password Helper tool since this can be one of the signs that someone else accessed your account and changed your password.
Once you've regained access, review our steps to secure a hacked account to undo any changes made without your knowledge. "First time signing in here?" message
Whenever you try to sign in to your account from a device that we haven't seen you use before, we'll ask you to enter a code (sent to your phone or email) to verify that it's really you trying to access your account.
If the verification information displayed for your account is out-of-date, go to the "Problems using the Password Helper" section of this help article and review the steps under "My account recovery information is incorrect." "Account Locked" message
To protect your account, a temporary lock is triggered anytime there have been too many unsuccessful attempts to sign in.
The lock will be lifted automatically after 12 hours, but you can always regain access to your account immediately using the Password Helper tool. The sign-in screen loops or reloads
If you're caught in a loop where the sign-in screen continues to appear after you click "Sign in," you'll need to reset the "sign in" cookie so it can be stored properly in your browser. From the Sign-in page, click Sign in as a different user. Enter your Yahoo ID and Password, then click Sign in.
If that doesn't fix the problem, these steps can also help you sign in: Clear your browser's cache and cookies. Close and re-open your browser, then try signing in again. If you're having trouble signing in to a product-specific page, try signing in to the primary Yahoo login page. Complete these steps again using a different supported browser. I'm using the right password and Yahoo ID, but I still can't sign in
If you've followed the guidance in the "Invalid ID or Password" section of this article and still can't sign in, try signing in using a different supported browser.
If you can sign in, the problem lies with your browser and not your account. To fix the problem in your preferred browser, use our steps to fix problems with Yahoo not working properly. Problems using the Password Helper My account recovery information is incorrect
We take your account's privacy and security very seriously and we'll only let you reclaim an account if you can prove you're the rightful owner.
Since we don't collect much information up-front when you register, there are limited options for verifying that you own an account. Your best option to avoid losing access to your account is to make sure that your account recovery information always stays up-to-date.
If you're unable to recover your account access using the Password Helper, there are still a few steps we can take to attempt to verify that you're the account owner. Please contact us and we'll do our best to help you get back in. The Password Helper says my password can't be reset online
If you get a message saying that you can't reset your password online "for security purposes," you'll need to contact us to regain access to your account.
Tor prevents people from learning your location or browsing habits.
Tor is for web browsers, instant messaging clients, and more.
Tor is free and open source for Windows, Mac, Linux/Unix, and Android
Anonymity Online
Protect your privacy. Defend yourself against network surveillance and traffic analysis.
About TOR:
Be smart and learn more. Understand what Tor does and does not offer. This list of pitfalls isn't complete, and we need your help identifying and documenting all the issues.
Want Tor to really work?
You need to change some of your habits, as some things won't work exactly as you are used to.
a. Use the Tor Browser
Tor does not protect all of your computer's Internet traffic when you run it. Tor only protects your applications that are properly configured to send their Internet traffic through Tor. To avoid problems with Tor configuration, we strongly recommend you use the Tor Browser. It is pre-configured to protect your privacy and anonymity on the web as long as you're browsing with the Tor Browser itself. Almost any other web browser configuration is likely to be unsafe to use with Tor.
b. Don't torrent over Tor
Torrent file-sharing applications have been observed to ignore proxy settings and make direct connections even when they are told to use Tor. Even if your torrent application connects only through Tor, you will often send out your real IP address in the tracker GET request, because that's how torrents work. Not only do you deanonymize your torrent traffic and your other simultaneous Tor web traffic this way, you also slow down the entire Tor network for everyone else.
c. Don't enable or install browser plugins
The Tor Browser will block browser plugins such as Flash, RealPlayer, Quicktime, and others: they can be manipulated into revealing your IP address. Similarly, we do not recommend installing additional addons or plugins into the Tor Browser, as these may bypass Tor or otherwise harm your anonymity and privacy.
d. Use HTTPS versions of websites
Tor will encrypt your traffic to and within the Tor network, but the encryption of your traffic to the final destination website depends upon on that website. To help ensure private encryption to websites, the Tor Browser includes HTTPS Everywhere to force the use of HTTPS encryption with major websites that support it. However, you should still watch the browser URL bar to ensure that websites you provide sensitive information to display a blue or green URL bar button, include https:// in the URL, and display the proper expected name for the website. Also see EFF's interactive page explaining how Tor and HTTPS relate.
e. Don't open documents downloaded through Tor while online
The Tor Browser will warn you before automatically opening documents that are handled by external applications. DO NOT IGNORE THIS WARNING. You should be very careful when downloading documents via Tor (especially DOC and PDF files) as these documents can contain Internet resources that will be downloaded outside of Tor by the application that opens them. This will reveal your non-Tor IP address. If you must work with DOC and/or PDF files, we strongly recommend either using a disconnected computer, downloading the free VirtualBox and using it with a virtual machine image with networking disabled, or using Tails. Under no circumstances is it safe to use BitTorrent and Tor together, however.
f. Use bridges and/or find company
Tor tries to prevent attackers from learning what destination websites you connect to. However, by default, it does not prevent somebody watching your Internet traffic from learning that you're using Tor. If this matters to you, you can reduce this risk by configuring Tor to use a Tor bridge relay rather than connecting directly to the public Tor network. Ultimately the best protection is a social approach: the more Tor users there are near you and the more diverse their interests, the less dangerous it will be that you are one of them. Convince other people to use Tor, too!
The Tor network is a group of volunteer-operated servers that allows people to improve their privacy and security on the Internet. Tor's users employ this network by connecting through a series of virtual tunnels rather than making a direct connection, thus allowing both organizations and individuals to share information over public networks without compromising their privacy. Along the same line, Tor is an effective censorship circumvention tool, allowing its users to reach otherwise blocked destinations or content. Tor can also be used as a building block for software developers to create new communication tools with built-in privacy features.
Individuals use Tor to keep websites from tracking them and their family members, or to connect to news sites, instant messaging services, or the like when these are blocked by their local Internet providers. Tor's hidden services let users publish web sites and other services without needing to reveal the location of the site. Individuals also use Tor for socially sensitive communication: chat rooms and web forums for rape and abuse survivors, or people with illnesses.
Journalists use Tor to communicate more safely with whistleblowers and dissidents. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) use Tor to allow their workers to connect to their home website while they're in a foreign country, without notifying everybody nearby that they're working with that organization.
Groups such as Indymedia recommend Tor for safeguarding their members' online privacy and security. Activist groups like the Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF) recommend Tor as a mechanism for maintaining civil liberties online. Corporations use Tor as a safe way to conduct competitive analysis, and to protect sensitive procurement patterns from eavesdroppers. They also use it to replace traditional VPNs, which reveal the exact amount and timing of communication. Which locations have employees working late? Which locations have employees consulting job-hunting websites? Which research divisions are communicating with the company's patent lawyers?
A branch of the U.S. Navy uses Tor for open source intelligence gathering, and one of its teams used Tor while deployed in the Middle East recently. Law enforcement uses Tor for visiting or surveilling web sites without leaving government IP addresses in their web logs, and for security during sting operations.
The variety of people who use Tor is actually part of what makes it so secure. Tor hides you among the other users on the network, so the more populous and diverse the user base for Tor is, the more your anonymity will be protected.
Why we need Tor
Using Tor protects you against a common form of Internet surveillance known as "traffic analysis." Traffic analysis can be used to infer who is talking to whom over a public network. Knowing the source and destination of your Internet traffic allows others to track your behavior and interests. This can impact your checkbook if, for example, an e-commerce site uses price discrimination based on your country or institution of origin. It can even threaten your job and physical safety by revealing who and where you are. For example, if you're travelling abroad and you connect to your employer's computers to check or send mail, you can inadvertently reveal your national origin and professional affiliation to anyone observing the network, even if the connection is encrypted.
How does traffic analysis work? Internet data packets have two parts: a data payload and a header used for routing. The data payload is whatever is being sent, whether that's an email message, a web page, or an audio file. Even if you encrypt the data payload of your communications, traffic analysis still reveals a great deal about what you're doing and, possibly, what you're saying. That's because it focuses on the header, which discloses source, destination, size, timing, and so on.
A basic problem for the privacy minded is that the recipient of your communications can see that you sent it by looking at headers. So can authorized intermediaries like Internet service providers, and sometimes unauthorized intermediaries as well. A very simple form of traffic analysis might involve sitting somewhere between sender and recipient on the network, looking at headers.
But there are also more powerful kinds of traffic analysis. Some attackers spy on multiple parts of the Internet and use sophisticated statistical techniques to track the communications patterns of many different organizations and individuals. Encryption does not help against these attackers, since it only hides the content of Internet traffic, not the headers.
The solution: a distributed, anonymous network
How Tor works
Tor helps to reduce the risks of both simple and sophisticated traffic analysis by distributing your transactions over several places on the Internet, so no single point can link you to your destination. The idea is similar to using a twisty, hard-to-follow route in order to throw off somebody who is tailing you — and then periodically erasing your footprints. Instead of taking a direct route from source to destination, data packets on the Tor network take a random pathway through several relays that cover your tracks so no observer at any single point can tell where the data came from or where it's going.
To create a private network pathway with Tor, the user's software or client incrementally builds a circuit of encrypted connections through relays on the network. The circuit is extended one hop at a time, and each relay along the way knows only which relay gave it data and which relay it is giving data to. No individual relay ever knows the complete path that a data packet has taken. The client negotiates a separate set of encryption keys for each hop along the circuit to ensure that each hop can't trace these connections as they pass through.
Tor circuit step two
Once a circuit has been established, many kinds of data can be exchanged and several different sorts of software applications can be deployed over the Tor network. Because each relay sees no more than one hop in the circuit, neither an eavesdropper nor a compromised relay can use traffic analysis to link the connection's source and destination. Tor only works for TCP streams and can be used by any application with SOCKS support.
For efficiency, the Tor software uses the same circuit for connections that happen within the same ten minutes or so. Later requests are given a new circuit, to keep people from linking your earlier actions to the new ones.
Tor circuit step three
Staying anonymous
Tor can't solve all anonymity problems. It focuses only on protecting the transport of data. You need to use protocol-specific support software if you don't want the sites you visit to see your identifying information. For example, you can use Tor Browser while browsing the web to withhold some information about your computer's configuration.
Also, to protect your anonymity, be smart. Don't provide your name or other revealing information in web forms. Be aware that, like all anonymizing networks that are fast enough for web browsing, Tor does not provide protection against end-to-end timing attacks: If your attacker can watch the traffic coming out of your computer, and also the traffic arriving at your chosen destination, he can use statistical analysis to discover that they are part of the same circuit.
The future of Tor
Providing a usable anonymizing network on the Internet today is an ongoing challenge. We want software that meets users' needs. We also want to keep the network up and running in a way that handles as many users as possible. Security and usability don't have to be at odds: As Tor's usability increases, it will attract more users, which will increase the possible sources and destinations of each communication, thus increasing security for everyone. We're making progress, but we need your help. Please consider running a relay or volunteering as a developer.
Ongoing trends in law, policy, and technology threaten anonymity as never before, undermining our ability to speak and read freely online. These trends also undermine national security and critical infrastructure by making communication among individuals, organizations, corporations, and governments more vulnerable to analysis. Each new user and relay provides additional diversity, enhancing Tor's ability to put control over your security and privacy back into your hands.
Un sfat care v-ar putea schimba viata. Cautati pe Google urmatorul lucru: CANABISUL VINDECA CANCERUL. S-ar putea sa descoperiti ca ati fost dezinformati intentionat de catre mass-media despre aceasta planta numita "marihuana", canepa cunoscuta de zeci de mii de ani pe tot Globul Pamantesc.
Este vorba de un panaceu universal, utilizat din timpuri stravechi nu doar in combaterea durerii, ci chiar cu mare succes in TRATAREA CANCERULUI DE PIELE, DE PROSTATA, DE CREIER etc.
Nenumarate studii indica: canabinoizii pot fi cheia pentru incetinirea sclerozei multiple, insa cercetatorilor le este greu sa dezvolte un tratament fara efect euforizant asupra pacientilor. - http://www.turismoassociati.it/dblog/articolo.asp?articolo=3591
"Inchisoarea este pentru violatori, hoti si ucigasi. Daca intemnitezi pe cineva pentru ca fumeaza o planta care il face fericit, TU ESTI CRIMINALUL NENOROCIT." - Joe Rogan
InterReflections film production update - May 2015.
Friends, As some may know, I have been developing the first of the long anticipated "InterReflections" Trilogy for over 3 years now.
Sadly, both time and budget issues have kept this film at bay. As painful as it is, I am now reaching out to my supporters to help push this project along.
I have launched an Indiegogo Campaign to help fund the project to completion: Please support this campaign: Link HERE
I wish to state that to protect the artistic and communicative integrity of the work, I have refused financial offers from those who insist to interfere... or are interested in profit alone.
The core budget problem faced now is the professional CGI work. While many have volunteered help for some degree or another, the true nature of the need requires a professional CGI studio. This campaign is to help finance that aspect of production - to assure high quality visual fx.
Turismo Associati would like to present to you three applications: # France News (link here), France Utilitaires (link here) and # France Actualites (link here) that offer the latest news and utilities if you want to know all that is happening in Europe and the World.
All in a simple and intuitive app:
- a french version of the Google search engine;
- Buzz Fil, Le Monde, Le Figaro, L'Equipe and 20 Minutes to have live free access to the best french information on your smartphone regarding society, economics, environment, blogs, comments, high-tech, sports and more...;
- Amazon, eBay, Pages Jaunes (Yellow Pages) and c Discount to choose from books, dvds, video games, fashion clothes and gratis offers...;
- Le Bon Coin, w Annonce and Pole Emploi give you millions of chargeless ads from France on cars, moto, real-estate, services and jobs;
- Meteo France to have the official weather forecasts...
"Bonjour, madame je suis americain Bonjour, mademoiselle je suis americain..." - The Longest Day (1962)
Google.fr - Version française du moteur de recherche. Propose des outils et des services pour les internaut.
BuzzFil.net - un jeune média indépendant, qui propose tous les jours les sujets les plus divertissants et impressionnants du web.
LeMonde.fr - 1er site d'information francophone sur le web et le mobile. Toute l'actualité en continu: International, France, Société, Economie, Culture, Environnement, Blogs...
LeFigaro.fr - Actualité en direct et informations en continu. A la Une : Retrouvez toute l'actualité en France, à l'international, l'actualité économique et politique.
L'Equipe.fr - Le sport en direct. Les informations, résultats et classements de tous les sports. Directs commentés, images et vidéos à regarder et à partager!
20Minutes.fr - Toute l'actualité en temps réel, l'info, le sport, la high-tech, les stars, les people en direct.
Amazon.fr - livres, DVD, jeux vidéo, MP3, high-tech, informatique, jouets, chaussures, vętements, sport, maison et plus encore! Achat et vente en ligne parmi des millions de produits en stock. Livraison gratuite à partir de 25€. Vos articles à petits prix: culture, high-tech, mode, jouets, sport, maison et bien plus!
LeBonCoin.fr - Petites annonces gratuites d'occasion. Vendez, achetez, louez et proposez vos services sur le plus grand site de petites annonces gratuites en France: immobilier, voiture, moto, emploi etc.
wAnnonce.com - Petites annonces gratuites classées. Vous pouvez passer une petite annonce d'occasion gratuitement. Petites annonces immobilier, emploi, auto, rencontre, moto, services, animaux, cours, vie locale, voiture, etc. Tout est gratuit!
eBay.fr - Achetez et vendez des produits électroniques, voitures, vętements, pièces de collection, articles de sport, appareils photo numériques, articles pour bébés, bons d'achat et de nombreux autres objets, la plus grande place de marché en ligne au monde.
PagesJaunes.fr - Recherche de professionnels sur toute la France (par commune ou département).
cDiscount.com - No1 du e-commerce. Tous vos achats à prix discount. Achat sur Internet à prix discount d'électroménager, meubles et déco, informatique, high-tech, téléphonie, vins, toutes les grandes marques moins chères.
Pole-Emploi.fr - Offres d'emploi actualisées en permanence, tous domaines d'activité, France, DOM compris et international. CV en ligne. Inscription et actualisation mensuelle. Dépôt d'offres d’emploi en ligne, recherche de CV. Informations. Services gratuits.
MeteoFrance.com - Prévisions météo officielles et gratuites de Météo-France pour toutes les villes de France, l'outre mer, le monde, les plages, la montagne et la mer.
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