Se pare ca ne-am pierdut statutul de creatura superioara unica. Primatologii au spulberat ultima frontiera dintre om si maimutele mari, demonstrand fara dubiu ca empatia, constiinta de sine, cooperarea exista si la aceste fiinte. Din pacate, urangutanul, bonobo, cimpanzeul si gorila sunt specii amenintate cu disparitia. Pana prin anii 80, din cauza vanatorii si a capturarii lor, iar astazi din cauza restrangerii drastice a mediului de viata, prin despaduririle masive si irationale.
Unelte, violenta, sex
Cercetatorul Frans de Waal arata ca psihologia umana reprezinta o prelungire a celei animale, trecand prin exemplul cimpanzeului si al bonobo. El respinge ideea superioritatii omului, care s-a ridicat deasupra naturii. Dimpotriva, fiecare dintre actiunile noastre isi gaseste fundamentul in lumea animala si pentru aceasta aduce numeroase exemple extrase din observatiile sale asupra primatelor. Concluzia – omul este doar o maimuta goala, adica fara blana! Schimbarea a inceput insa in 1964, cand primatologul Jane Goodall a observat cimpanzei care isi confectionau si apoi foloseau diverse unelte.
Ulterior, ea a fost martorul unor razboaie intercomunitare la cimpanzeii salbatici, violenta naturala selectionata prin evolutie, ca si la om. De altfel, noi avem in comun cu aceasta specie 98,6 din patrimoniul genetic. Dupa anii ’80, a intrat in centrul atentiei bonobo, mai apropiat genetic de Homo sapiens. Pacifist, acesta rezolva conflictele cu blandete, recurgand la „argumentul” sexului.
Altruism si refuzul nedreptatii
Empatia se refera la intelegerea emotiilor altui individ si la faptul de a fi afectat de acestea. Ea are insa trei nivele. Primul e un fel de „contaminare emotionala” si exista la toate mamiferele. Intelegerea trairilor unui congener apare doar la elefanti, delfini si maimute mari. Cat despre nivelul al treilea, intelegerea emotiilor, dar si a intentiilor celuilalt, nu-i caracterizeaza decat pe oameni si pe maimutele mari. In plus, un interes aparte pentru alte specii se manifesta in mod explicit, iar drept exemplu avem un bonobo care, gasind o pasare ce se lovise de un geam, a ridicat-o cu grija, apoi i-a dat drumul sa zboare din varful unui arbore, dupa ce i-a desfacut aripile, ca s-o ajute la zbor.
Empatia este asadar un continuum, pe care se grefeaza emotiile. Maimutele capucin sunt foarte sensibile la inechitati. Pe parcursul unor studii in domeniu, mai multi capucini primeau cate un castravete pentru efectuarea aceleiasi sarcini. S-a observat ca, daca in contextul respectiv unul dintre subiecti primea strugure (mult mai atractiv), partenerul confruntat cu o asemenea nedreptate refuza sa continue exercitiul. Aceeasi atitudine s-a observat si la cimpanzei.
Cine decide regulile jocului?
Un element esential in evolutia speciilor il constituie capacitatea de comunicare. Privitor la primate, cunostintele sunt inca destul de reduse, deoarece limbajul sonor este „imbogatit” cu componente vizuale (gesturi si mimica faciala), capital la care cimpanzeii exceleaza. Mai mult, acestia recurg si la un gen de consens comportamental implicit. De pilda, atunci cand patruleaza la limita (frontiera) teritoriului lor, cimpanzeii o fac intr-o liniste deplina, pentru a putea surprinde eventualii intrusi.
Totul pare stabilit de comun acord, in prealabil, dar cine a decis aceasta si cum le-a fost comunicata ideea si celorlalti membri ai comunitatii? Extrovertire, cordialitate, constienta, stabilitate emotionala si deschidere spirituala. Iata cele cinci mari trasaturi de personalitate distinse de psihologia umana, care insa apar si la primate. Ceea ce demonstreaza inca odata ca distanta dintre noi si aceste fiinte este infima; sau, poate, ca omul este si el un fel de maimuta, ca oricare alta.
Appena terminato l’anno della biodiversità (a dire la verità senza troppi risultati positivi), l’Onu proclama il 2011 anno delle foreste. Le distese di alberi sono in tutto il mondo tra gli ambienti più minacciati dall’attività, nonostante la loro indubbia importanza nell’ecologia mondiale.
Quanto vale una foresta? Non solo gli studiosi di dinamiche ambientali, ma anche gli economisti infatti hanno cominciato a fare i conti e capire quanto “valga” una foresta, in termini di servizi agli ecosistemi; per esempio quanto costerebbe racchiudere in un serbatoio tutta l’acqua che una foresta accumula nella stagione piovosa per poi rilasciarla in quella secca. O quanto sarebbe il budget per un impianto di depurazione grande come un intero bosco. Ma la funzione più indispensabile delle foreste è quella di agire da enormi serbatoi di carbonio per il pianeta. Quando sono abbattute, questo gas va a aumentare la quantità di anidride carbonica che è un potentissimo gas serra; è per questo che l’abbattimento delle foreste contribuisce circa per il 15% all’aumento del riscaldamento globale. In occasione dell’Anno delle foreste, l’associazione Conservation international ha steso così una lista delle foreste più ricche di specie e più minacciate del pianeta.
Punti caldi. Queste distese sono anche 10 hotspot di biodiversità, punti cioè dove il numero di specie animali e vegetali e le loro interazioni sono particolarmente elevate. A parte un paio di casi, quasi tutte queste foreste sono nei Paesi tropicali sia in Asia sia in Africa sia nell’America meridionale. Ogni hotspot ha le sue caratteristiche peculiari e le sue specie presenti, spesso endemiche e rarissime.
A novel approach to design and construction could save materials and energy, and create unusually beautiful structures.
In conventional construction, workers piece together buildings from mass-produced, prefabricated bricks, I-beams, concrete columns, plates of glass and so on. Neri Oxman, an architect and a professor at MIT's Media Lab, intends to print them instead—essentially using concrete, polymers, and other materials in the place of ink. Oxman is developing a new way of designing buildings to take advantage of the flexibility that printing can provide. If she's successful, her approach could lead to designs that are impossible with today's construction methods.
Existing 3-D printers, also called rapid prototyping machines, build structures layer by layer. So far these machines have been used mainly to make detailed plastic models based on computer designs. But as such printers improve and become capable of using more durable materials, including metals, they've become a potentially interesting way to make working products.
Oxman is working to extend the capabilities of these machines—making it possible to change the elasticity of a polymer or the porosity of concrete as it's printed, for example—and mounting print heads on flexible robot arms that have greater freedom of movement than current printers.
She's also drawing inspiration from nature to develop new design strategies that take advantage of these capabilities. For example, the density of wood in a palm tree trunk varies, depending on the load it must support. The densest wood is on the outside, where bending stress is the greatest, while the center is porous and weighs less. Oxman estimates that making concrete columns this way—with low-density porous concrete in the center—could reduce the amount of concrete needed by more than 10 percent, a significant savings on the scale of a construction project.
Oxman is developing software to realize her design strategy. She inputs data about physical stresses on a structure, as well as design constraints such as size, overall shape, and the need to let in light into certain areas of a building. Based on this information, the software applies algorithms to specify how the material properties need to change throughout a structure. Then she prints out small models based on these specifications.
The early results of her work are so beautiful and intriguing that they've been featured at the Museum of Modern Art in New York and the Museum of Science in Boston. One example, which she calls Beast, is a chair whose design is based on the shape of a human body (her own) and the predicted distribution of pressure on the chair. The resulting 3-D model features a complex network of cells and branching structures that are soft where needed to relieve pressure and stiff where needed for support.
The work is at an early stage, but the new approach to construction and design suggests many new possibilities. A load-bearing wall could be printed in elaborate patterns that correspond to the stresses it will experience from the load it supports from wind or earthquakes, for instance.
The pattern could also account for the need to allow light into a building. Some areas would have strong, dense concrete, but in areas of low stress, the concrete could be extremely porous and light, serving only as a barrier to the elements while saving material and reducing the weight of the structure. In these non-load bearing areas, it could also be possible to print concrete that's so porous that light can penetrate, or to mix the concrete gradually with transparent materials. Such designs could save energy by increasing the amount of daylight inside a building and reducing the need for artificial lighting. Eventually, it may be possible to print efficient insulation and ventilation at the same time. The structure can be complex, since it costs no more to print elaborate patterns than simple ones.
Other researchers are developing technology to print walls and other large structures. Behrokh Khoshnevis, a professor of industrial and systems engineering and civil and environmental engineering at the University of Southern California, has built a system that can deposit concrete walls without the need for forms to contain the concrete. Oxman's work would take this another step, adding the ability to vary the properties of the concrete, and eventually work with multiple materials.
The first applications of Oxman's approach will likely to be on a relatively small scale, in consumer products and medical devices. She's used her principles to design and print wrist braces for carpal tunnel syndrome. They're customized based on the pain that a particular patient experiences. The approach could also improve the performance of prosthetics.
Oxman, 35, is developing her techniques in partnership with a range of specialists, such as Craig Carter, a professor of materials science at MIT. While he says her approach faces challenges in controlling the properties of materials, he's impressed with her ideas: "There's no doubt that the results are strikingly beautiful."
Pana nu demult, teza otravirii imparatului a fost larg acceptata. O teza sustinuta de concentratia mare de arsenic din parul sau. Pentru a o valida, sustinatorii ei au incercat sa gaseasca un vinovat (Montholon?!) si un mobil (bani, glorie, gelozie?). Cercetari recente configureaza insa un alt punct de vedere. La putina vreme dupa ce si-a dat sufletul, in data de 5 mai 1821, in urma unei perioade de 5 ani si 7 luni de exil in insula Sfanta Elena, s-au emis mai multe ipoteze legate de cauzele mortii imparatului.
S-a considerat ca ar fi putut muri in urma unui cancer la stomac sau a unui abces al ficatului sau ca ar fi fost ucis din ordinul englezilor sau al contelui Artois, viitorul Charles X. Sau, asasinat de un sot gelos. Aproape fiecare ipoteza e insotita de arsenic. Primul care a pus acest diagnostic a fost dr. Antommarchi (medicul personal al imparatului) si colaboratorii sai englezi, autorii autopsiei in urma careia au fost constatate leziuni canceroase la stomac. Prin anii ’60, un stomatolog suedez a tras concluzia ca Napoleon n-ar fi murit de moarte naturala si ca a fost asasinat. Acesta a analizat cateva fire de par si a depistat urme de arsenic.
Concluzia sa a facut cariera. Istoricii s-au intrecut in schitarea unor intrigi care ar fi culminat cu otravirea. Toti s-au indreptat spre Charles de Montholon, unul din companionii imparatului cu grad de general. Motivul? Gelozia. O alta versiune: Montholon ar fi incercat sa-l imbolveasca pentru a putea fi repatriat. Dar, fatalitate, dozele de medicamente administrate pe baza de arsenic i-ar fi grabit moartea. Noile analize ale unor esantioane din parul imparatului dinainte si dupa sosirea in insula (din medalioane) si dupa moartea sa, au spulberat aceste supozitii.
Firele de par antume si postume au fost analizate la microscop, cantarite, masurate, tratate, supuse radiatiilor electromagnetice. S-a ajuns la concluzia ca in cazul unei intoxicatii cronice cu arsenic, parul contine acest element, in cantitate notabila, pe toata lungimea sa. Daca arsenicul ar fi fost cauza mortii in urma intoxicarii, Napoleon ar fi trebuit sa moara de cel putin trei ori. Studiile toxicologice au eliminat insa ipoteza unei contaminari din interior. Toate esantioanele studiate, cele din 1805, 1814 si din 1821 contineau doze mari de arsenic, repartizat relativ omogen – cu unele exceptii – de-a lungul firului. Concentratia de arsenic diferea insa de la un fir la altul din cadrul aceleiasi suvite.
Concluzia specialistilor a fost clara: contaminarea parului a fost exogena si a inceput cu mult timp inainte ca imparatul sa fie exilat. Care sa fi fost sursele de contaminare? Arderea lemnelor in seminee, manuirea armelor de foc, gloantele trase (constituind o sursa deloc neglijabila de arsenic volatil). Dar mai ales folosirea diverselor produse ce contineau arsenic pentru a conserva suvitele din medalioane.
"È l'uomo che porta i pantaloni". "Non è un posto per donne, lascia fare al sesso forte". "Il tuo capo è donna? Davvero??" Se frasi come queste vi fanno storcere il naso è tutto merito della vostra corteccia prefrontale. Senza la sua opera instancabile di "mediazione", nemmeno l'uomo più galante si salverebbe da alcuni scivoloni sessisti, come la convinzione che successo e potere non siano prerogative femminili. È quanto svela uno studio dell'Università Milano-Bicocca pubblicato sulla rivista scientifica Neuroimage.
Colti in castagna. I ricercatori hanno somministrato a 26 studenti di psicologia, 13 maschi e 13 femmine, un test al computer che misura le convinzioni implicite delle persone sul genere (Gender Implicit Association Test, IAT). In una prima fase ai soggetti è stato chiesto di identificare come maschile o femminile un nome che appariva al centro di uno schermo, premendo il tasto destro o sinistro. Successivamente i volontari dovevano associare alcune parole al concetto di "forza" o "debolezza" premendo gli stessi tasti utilizzati nella fase 1. Quando è stato chiesto di utilizzare lo stesso tasto per indicare "femminile" e "forza" i maschi hanno totalizzato più errori rispetto a quando lo stesso pulsante doveva indicare "femminile" e "debolezza" (viceversa per i nomi maschili). Lo stesso effetto non è stato osservato sulle loro colleghe che, invece, non hanno mostrato alcuna preferenza di genere.
Sentinelle anti-pregiudizi. Per indagare le basi neurologiche di questa peculiarità gli scienziati hanno somministrato lo stesso test a un secondo gruppo di 36 soggetti (18 maschi e 18 femmine) sottoposti a Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica (TMS) una tecnica non invasiva capace di interferire temporaneamente con le aree cerebrali selezionate. Si è osservato che quando nei maschi venivano inibite la corteccia prefrontale dorsolaterale e la corteccia prefrontale dorsomediale, due aree implicate nel controllo degli stereotipi, l'associazione uomo-forza-successo e donna-debolezza risultava ancora più netta. In sostanza gli uomini, anche se non consapevolmente, avrebbero la tendenza naturale a collegare i concetti di prestigio e affermazione sociale a una figura maschile e solo grazie a queste aree, le ultime in ordine di tempo a maturare durante la crescita (lo sviluppo completo avviene intorno ai 15-16 anni), riuscirebbero a "frenare" gli impulsi potenzialmente discriminatori.
Allenare alla complessità. "La corteccia prefrontale è la parte di cervello che ci distingue essenzialmente dagli altri primati" spiega Zaira Cattaneo, ricercatrice del Dipartimento di Psicologia a capo dello studio, "media processi complessi, come l'analisi e la sintesi delle informazioni, la pianificazione, i meccanismi che permettono di anticipare gli eventi e di fare previsioni sul futuro. Lo sviluppo dei lobi frontali dipende fortemente dall'educazione: se categorizzare in base al sesso è una pratica diffusa - spesso a scuola i bambini vengono divisi in maschi e femmine durante un gioco ("maschi contro femmine") - la situazione cambia quando a queste distinzioni si aggiunge una connotazione di valore (per esempio, "il sesso debole"). La differenza di genere si carica allora di una valenza emotiva che finisce per sedimentarsi nel cervello". Per allenare la corteccia a resistere agli stereotipi, quindi è importante "che il bambino sia sottoposto a sollecitazioni che ne stimolino la creatività, le capacità di ragionamento, di astrazione, di inferenza, il confronto con il "diverso". Insomma un'educazione alla complessità, contraria ad eccessive semplificazioni".
In this new video release, “as a first step,” Anonymous has called for public protests beginning on June 14th, continuing “until Federal Reserve Chairman Ben Bernanke steps down.” To make their case, they have presented a list of recent scandalous Federal Reserve actions.
(interviewwitha Swissbankerdone in Moscow 30.05.2011)
Q: Can you tell us something about your involvement in the Swiss banking business?
A: I have worked for Swiss banks for many years. I was designated as one of the top directors of one of the biggest Swiss banks. During my work I was involved in the payment, in the direct payment in cash to a person who killed the president of a foreign country. I was in the meeting where it was decided to give this cash money to the killer. This gave me dramatic headaches and troubled my conscience. It was not the only case that was really bad but it was the worst.
It was a payment instruction on order of a foreign secret service written by hand giving the order to pay a certain amount to a person who killed the top leader of a foreign country. And it was not the only case. We received several such hand written letters coming from foreign secret services giving the order to payout cash from secret accounts to fund revolutions or for the killing of people. I can confirm what John Perkins has written in his book “Confessions of an Economic Hit Man”. There really exists just a system and Swiss banks are involved in such cases.
Q: Perkins book is also translated and available in Russian. Can you tell us which bank it is and who was responsible?
A: It was one of the top three Swiss banks at that time and it was the president of a country in the third world. But I don’t want to give out to many details because they will find me very easily if I say the name of the president and the name of the bank. I will risk my life.
Q: You can’t name any person in the bank either?
A: No I can’t, but I can assure you this happened. We were several persons in the meeting room. The person in charge of the physical payment of the cash came to us and asked us if he is allowed to payout such a big amount in cash to that person and one of the directors explained the case and all others said ok you can do it.
Q: Did this happened often? Was this kind of a slush fund?
A: Yes. This was a special fund managed in a special place in the bank were all the coded letters came in from abroad. The most important letters were hand written. We had to decipher them and in them was the order to pay a certain amount of cash from accounts for the assassination of people, funding revolutions, funding strikes, funding all sorts of parties. I know that certain people who are Bilderbergers were involved in such orders. I mean they gave the orders to kill.
Q: Can you tell us in what year or decade this happened?
A: I prefer not to give you the precise year but it was in the 80’s.
Q: Did you have a problem with this work?
A: Yes, a very big problem. I could not sleep for many days and after a while I left the bank. If I give you too many details they will trace me. Several secret services from abroad, mostly English speaking, gave orders to fund illegal acts, even the killing of people thru Swiss banks. We had to pay on the instructions of foreign powers for the killing of persons who did not follow the orders of Bilderberg or the IMF or the World Bank for example.
Q: This is a very startling revelation that you are making. Why do you feel the urge to say this now?
A: Because Bilderberg is meeting in Switzerland. Because the world situation is getting worse and worse. And because the biggest banks in Switzerland are involvedin unethical activities. Most of these operations are outside the balance sheet. It is a multiple of what is officially declared. Its not audited and happening without any taxes. The figures involved have a lot of zeros. Its huge amounts.
Q: So its billions?
A: Its much more, its trillions, completely unaudited, illegal and besides the tax system. Basically it’s a robbery of everybody. I mean most normal people are paying taxes and abiding by the laws. What is happening here is complete against our Swiss values, like neutrality, honesty and good faith. In the meetings I was involved in, the discussions where completely against our democratic principles. You see, most of the directors of Swiss banks are not locals anymore, they are foreigners, mostly Anglo-Saxon, either American or British, they don’t respect our neutrality, they don’t respect our values, they are against our direct democracy, they just use the Swiss banks for their illegal means.
They use huge amounts of money created out of nothing and they destroy our society and destroy the people world wide just for greed. They seek power and destroy whole countries, like Greece, Spain, Portugal or Ireland and Switzerland will be one of the last in line. And they use China as working slaves. And a person like Josef Ackermann, who is a Swiss citizen, is the top man at a German bank and he uses his power for greed and does not respect the common people. He has quite a few legal cases in Germany and also now in the States. He is a Bilderberger and does not care about Switzerland or any other country.
Q: Are you saying, some of these people that you mention will be at the up-coming Bilderberg meeting in June in St. Moritz?
A: Yes.
Q: So they are currently in a position of power?
A: Yes. They have huge amounts of money available and use it to destroy whole countries. They destroy our industry and build it up in China. On the other hand they opened up the gates in Europe for all Chinese products. The working population of Europe is earning less and less. The real aim is to destroy Europe.
Q: Do you think that the Bilderberg meeting in St. Moritz has symbolic value? Because in 2009 they where in Greece, 2010 in Spain and look what happened to them. Does this mean Switzerland can expect something bad?
A: Yes. Switzerland is one of the most important countries for them, because there is so much capital here. They are meeting there because apart from other things they want to destroy all values that Switzerland stands for. You see it’s an obstacle for them, not being in the EU or Euro, not totally controlled by Brussels and so on. Regarding values I am not talking about the big Swiss banks, because they are not Swiss anymore, most of them are lead by Americans. I am talking about the real Swiss spirit that the common people cherish and hold up.
Sure it has symbolic value, as you said, regarding Greece and Spain. Their aim is to be a kind of exclusive elite club that has all the power and everybody else is impoverished and down.
Q: Do you think that the aim of Bilderberg is to create a kind of global dictatorship, controlled by the big global corporations, were there are no sovereign states anymore?
A: Yes and Switzerland is the only place left with direct democracy and its in their way.They use the blackmail of “too big to fail” as in the case of UBS to put our country in big debt, just like they did with many other countries. In the end maybe they want to do with Switzerland what they did with Iceland, with all the banks and the country bankrupt.
Q: And also bring it in to the EU?
A: Of course. The EU is under the iron grip of Bilderberg.
Q: What do you think could stop this plan?
A: Well that’s the reason I speak to you. Its truth. Truth is the only way. Put a light on this situation, expose them. They don’t like to be in the spotlight. We have to create transparency in the banking industry and in all levels of society.
Q: What you are saying is, there is a correct side to the Swiss banking business and there are a few big banks that are misusing the financial system for their illegal activities.
A: Yes. The big banks are training their staff with Anglo-Saxon values. They are training them to be greedy and ruthless. And greed is destroying Switzerland and everybody else. As a country we have a majority of the most correct operating banks in the world, if you look at the small and midsize banks. Its just the big ones who operate globally that are a problem. They arenot Swiss anymore and don’t consider themselves as such.
Q: Do you think it is a good thing that people are exposing Bilderberg and showing who they really are?
A: I think the Strauss-Kahn case is a good chance for us, because it shows these people are corrupt, sick in their minds, so sick they are full of vices and those vices are kept under wraps on their orders. Some of them like Strauss-Kahn rape women, others are sado maso, or paedophile and many are into Satanism. When you go in some banks you see these satanistic symbols, like in the Rothschild Bank in Zurich. These people are controlled by black-mail because of the weaknesses they have. They have to follow orders or they will be exposed, they will be destroyed or even killed. The reputation of Strauss-Kahn is not only killed in the mass media, he could be killed also literally.
Q: Since Ackermann is in the steering committee of Bilderberg, do you think he is a big decision maker there?
A: Yes. But there are many others, like Lagarde, wo will probably be the next IMF head, also a member of Bilderberg, then Sarkozy and Obama.They have a new plan to censor the internet, because the internet is still free. They want to control it and use terrorism or what ever as a reason. They could even plan something horrible so that they have an excuse.
Q: So that is your fear?
A: Its not only a fear, I am certain of it. As I said, they gave orders to kill, so they are capable of terrible things. If they have the feeling they are losing control, like the uprising now in Greece and Spain and maybe Italy will be next, then they can do another Gladio. I was close to the Gladio network. As you know they instigated terrorism paid by American money to control the political system in Italy and other European countries. Regarding the murder of Aldo Moro, the payment was done thru the same system as I told you about.
Q: Was Ackermann part of this payment system at a Swiss bank?
A: (S m i l e)… you are the journalist. Look at his career and how fast he made it to the top.
Q: What do you think can be done to hinder them?
A: Well there are many good books out there that explain the background and connect the dots, like the one I mentioned by Perkins. These people really have hit men that get paid to kill. Some of them get their money thru Swiss banks. But not only, they have a system set up all over the world. And to expose to the public these people that are prepared to do anything to keep control. And I mean anything.
Q: Thru exposure we could stop them?
A: Yes, telling the truth. We are confronted with really ruthless criminals, also big war criminals. Its worse then genocide. They are ready and able to kill millions of people just to stay in power and in control.
Q: Can you explain from your view, why the mass media in the west is more or less completely silent regarding Bilderberg?
A: Because there is an agreement between them and the owners of the media. You don’t talk about it. They buy them. Also some of the top media figures are invited to the meetings but are told not to report anything they see and hear.
Q: In the structure of Bilderberg, is there an inner circle that knows the plans and then there is the majority who just follow orders?
A: Yes. You have the inner circle who are into Satanism and then there are the naive or less informed people. Some people even think they are doing something good, the outer circle.
Q: According to exposed documents and own statements, Bilderberg decided back in 1955 to create the EU and the Euro, so they made important and far reaching decisions.
A: Yes and you know that Bilderberg was founded by Prince Bernard, a former member of the SS and Nazi party and he also worked for IG Farben, who’s subsidiary produced Cyclone B. The other guy was the head of Occidental Petroleum who had close relations to the communists in the Sowjetunion. They worked both sides but really these people are fascists who want to control everything and everybody and who gets in their way is removed.
Q: Is the payment system you explained outside of normal operations, compartmentalized and in secret?
A: In those Swiss banks the normal employees don’t know this is happening. Its like an own secret department in the bank. As I said these operations are outside of the balance sheet, with no supervision. Some are situated in the same building, others are outside. They have their own security and special area where only authorized people can enter.
Q: How do they keep these transactions out of the international Swift system?
A: Well some of the Clearstream listings where true in the beginning. They just included fake names to make people believe the whole list is fake. You see they also make mistakes. The first list was true and you can trace a lot of things. You see, there are people around that discover irregularities and the truth and they tell it. Afterwards of course there are law suits and these people are forced to shut up.
The best way to stop them is to tell the truth, put the spot light on them. If we don’t stop them we will end up as their slaves.
I ragni, soprattutto quello grossi, pelosi e velenosi, non sono certo i migliori amici dell'uomo, ma presto potrebbero diventarlo. Un recente studio condotto da Kenia Nunes, fisiologa presso il Medical College della Georgia e pubblicato sul Journal of Sexual Medicine, ha evidenziato come il veleno del ragno vagante brasiliano (Phoneutria nigriventer) possa essere impiegato con successo nel trattamento della disfuzione erettile maschile.
L'aracnide in questione, detto anche ragno delle banane, è un bestione che da zampa a zampa può arrivare ai 15 centimetri di lunghezza. Vive nelle piantagioni di banane del Brasile e il suo morso, se non curato con uno specifico antidoto, può portare alla paralisi muscolare e alla morte per asfissia. Chi è sopravvissuto a questa poco piacevole esperienza, ha manifestato, tra gli altri sintomi, delle dolorose erezioni durate anche 4 o 5 ore consecutive: è il priapismo, un malfunzionamento dell'apparato genitale maschile le cui conseguenze possono essere anche gravi. La Nunes, ha scoperto che questo effetto è causato da un peptide chiamato PnTx2-6 presente nel veleno del ragno. Opportunamente utilizzata, questa molecola si è dimostrata in grado di ridonare la virilità perduta a un gruppo di topi affetti da disfunzione erettile.
Secondo lo studio, il peptide provocherebbe l'erezione utilizzando meccanismi diversi rispetto ai farmaci convenzionali (per esempio il Viagra) e questo potrebbe renderlo efficace anche sui pazienti che non rispondono alle normali terapie. Prima di poter pensare ad un farmaco a base di veleno di ragno passeranno comunque ancora molti anni. Nel frattempo la Nunes vuole verificare l'utilizzo della tossina nel trattamento delle disfunzioni sessuali femminili.
Architect Eugene Tsui is taking the gigantic volcano tower concept to a whole new eco level, by taking design inspiration from the natural world. His new design for the Ultima Tower – a 2-mile high Mt Doom-esque structure – borrows design principles from trees and other living ystem to reduce its energy footprint.
We are always intrigued by architecture that uses biomimicry – the borrowing of principles from nature’s designs – and Tsui’s concept for this towering, ultra-dense urban development has certainly captured our attention with its thought-provoking design.
Population growth rates and rural-urban migration are creating a trend of chaotic urbanization that brings environmental, economic and social challenges. Within the next 7 years, 22 megacities across the globe are expected to have populations that exceed 10 million people, according to the UN. The Ultima Tower is an innovative green design concept proposed to resourcefully use earth’s surface and allow sustainable distribution of resources within a dense urban setting.
Designed to withstand natural calamities, Ultima Tower is highly stable and aerodynamic. Rather than spreading horizontally the structure rises vertically from a base with a 7,000 foot diameter – inspired in part by the termite’s nest structures of Africa, the highest structure created by any living organism.
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Surrounded on all sides by a lake, the building would use building integrated photo-voltaic solar cells to meet most of the electrical energy requirements. The tower would also use Atmospheric Energy Conversion to exploit the differences in atmospheric pressure at the bottom and top of the tower and convert this differential into electrical power. Wind turbine energy would also be used to power the tower.
Taking a cue from the principles of transpiration and cohesion (Joly-Dixon’s cohesion-tension theory) as used by the tree to move water from roots to aerial parts, the designers are working on a method of carrying water from the bottom of the tower to the top utilizing water potential difference between the two points.
Other significant features of the design include bodies of water placed at 12 separate levels, 144 elevators at the periphery of the building, use of vertical propulsion through compressed air, specially designed windows with aerodynamic wind cowls, reflecting mirrors to bring direct sunlight into the building, open garden balconies, electric cars run by propane and hydrogen gas, complete absence of internal combustion engines or toxic pollutants. The whole building is envisioned by Tsui as a large ecosystem teeming with structures that are ‘living and breathing’.
Una dintre cele mai luminoase (la propriu si la figurat) personalitati ale renasterii italiene a fost Tiziano Vecellio, unul dintre cei mai longevivi pictori din istoria universala. Pe perioada întregii sale vieti, Tiziano – care a murit, probabil, la optzeci si unu de ani, însa exista si varianta conform careia a trait aproape nouazeci de ani – a schimbat de mai multe ori modalitatea de a combina culorile. Tineretea s-a caracterizat prin cele mai vii nuante cromatice, iar spre apusul vietii tonurile palide (inclusiv culoarea pielii personajelor sale) au dominat – si asta fara sa existe banuiala ca ar fi avut probleme cu vederea.
Membru al unei familii bogate în artisti, Tiziano (1485?-1576) a avut sansa de a fi descoperit de timpuriu (înainte de a împlini zece ani) chiar de parintele sau si trimis la scoala venetiana a celebrilor frati Bellini (Gentile si Giovanni). A doua mare sansa a carierei sale adolescentine a fost prolifica întalnire cu Giorgione (Giorgio da Castelfranco), cu care a colaborat foarte mult si cu care chiar a fost confundat de multe ori (lucrau mereu aceleasi teme si nu se semnau).
Faptul ca s-a nascut în (pe atunci) Republica Venetia ar fi trebuit sa fie un obstacol în calea afirmarii sale, deoarece si acea zona a Italiei a dat artei vizuale numeroase nume ilustre. Însa tanarul venit din mica localitate Pieve di Cadore a devenit un maestru înainte de a împlini patruzeci de ani. Iar în jurul aceleiasi varste a fost poreclit de venetieni „Un soare printre stele mici” (aluzie la un citat din „Paradiso” a lui Dante).
Art news è il magazine settimanale di RAI Educational che si occupa di arte e cultura, ideato da Luigi Ceccarelli e Maria Paola Orlandini, che dallo studio si collega con i vari luoghi dell'arte, in tutta Italia e nel mondo, dove le inviate raccontano mostre, festival ed eventi, con un linguaggio semplice e qualificato attraverso immagini inconsuete e suggestive.
Con questa rubrica, Secrets, andiamo a scoprire i segreti di un quadro a partire da un detttaglio.
"Rai Educational, lead by Giovanni Minoli, is the division of Italy's public radio-television service fully dedicated to educational programming. Its programs are broadcast on the three RAI networks (RAIUNO, RAIDUE, RAITRE), on the free satellite channels RAI Storia and, for specific programs, on the satellite channel RAI International. RAI Educational's programs are also found on the Internet. "Art News" is produced as a magazine style program on art and culture that consists of journalistic reports, with a duration of 2-3 minutes each, transmitted once a week."
Tot în acea perioada de maxima glorie, Tiziano a fost numit „pictor laureat al Republicii Serenissime Venezia, iar dupa moartea lui Giovanni Bellini a devenit titularul scolii de pictura si i s-a acordat pensie de la Senat (dar Signoria Venetiei noteaza în cronicile sale ca „maestrul absenta de la sedinte...”).
Toate aceste recunoasteri ale geniului tizianesc nu au reprezentat manifestarea unui patriotism local venetian (la concurenta cu scolile romana si florentina). Arta îmbinarii culorilor sale a fost asociata cu lucrari extrem de valoroase în domeniul peisagisticii si portretisticii; aceste tematici au constituit o adevarata scoala peste timp pentru reprezentantii Renasterii si barocului. De asemenea, dinamica scenelor sale mitologice a fost decisiva pentru formarea altui geniu, Rubens – dupa cum o recunoastea însusi maestrul flamand.
Viata personala a maestrului – chemat sa onoreze comenzi în multe orase, mai ales în lacase de cult – a fost una foarte trista. Casatorit în 1525 cu Cecilia, Tiziano devine vaduv cu trei copii dupa numai cinci ani. Ulterior, maestrul s-a dedicat aproape exclusiv artei, obsedat în permanenta de modificari ale tehnicii picturale (inclusiv murale). Istoria artei îl vede egalul lui Rafael si Michelangelo si „profesorul” lui Rubens.
În familia Vecelli a existat o predominanta „gena artistica”. Astfel, pictori cunoscuti au fost Francesco (frate mai varstnic), Marco (nepot), Cesare, Tomasso, Girolamo si Fabrizio (rude apropiate). Unul dintre ultimii sai elevi de renume a fost El Greco. Tiziano a murit de ciuma în 1576, dar trupul sau a fost admis (în mod exceptional) în cripta la Santa Maria Gloriosa dei Frari – unde are un monument realizat de Antonio Canova.
Se pare ca ne-am pierdut statutul de creatura superioara unica. Primatologii au spulberat ultima frontiera dintre om si maimutele mari, demonstrand fara dubiu ca empatia, constiinta de sine, cooperarea exista si la aceste fiinte. Din pacate, urangutanul, bonobo, cimpanzeul si gorila sunt specii amenintate cu disparitia. Pana prin anii 80, din cauza vanatorii si a capturarii lor, iar astazi din cauza restrangerii drastice a mediului de viata, prin despaduririle masive si irationale.
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Pana nu demult, teza otravirii imparatului a fost larg acceptata. O teza sustinuta de concentratia mare de arsenic din parul sau. Pentru a o valida, sustinatorii ei au incercat sa gaseasca un vinovat (Montholon?!) si un mobil (bani, glorie, gelozie?). Cercetari recente configureaza insa un alt punct de vedere. La putina vreme dupa ce si-a dat sufletul, in data de 5 mai 1821, in urma unei perioade de 5 ani si 7 luni de exil in insula Sfanta Elena, s-au emis mai multe ipoteze legate de cauzele mortii imparatului.
Una dintre cele mai luminoase (la propriu si la figurat) personalitati ale renasterii italiene a fost Tiziano Vecellio, unul dintre cei mai longevivi pictori din istoria universala. Pe perioada întregii sale vieti, Tiziano – care a murit, probabil, la optzeci si unu de ani, însa exista si varianta conform careia a trait aproape nouazeci de ani – a schimbat de mai multe ori modalitatea de a combina culorile. Tineretea s-a caracterizat prin cele mai vii nuante cromatice, iar spre apusul vietii tonurile palide (inclusiv culoarea pielii personajelor sale) au dominat – si asta fara sa existe banuiala ca ar fi avut probleme cu vederea.
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